The Mayan pyramids, symbol of the ancient Mesoamerican civilization, they were built by the Mayaone of the most advanced cultures of the pre-Columbian era. This civilization flourished between 2000 BC and 1500 AD, primarily in the present-day regions of Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, and Honduras. The Maya were celebrated for their knowledge of architecture, mathematics and astronomy, and the pyramids, often located in the centers of cities, were both religious temples.
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The construction of Chichén Itzá
The Mayan pyramids were not only great architectural works, but also tools. Their constructions were closely linked to celestial events, such as the observation of the sun, moon and planets. One of the most famous pyramids, El Castillo in Chichén Itzá, is aligned with the winter and summer solstice. During the equinox, the shadow cast along the steps of the pyramid creates the illusion of a descending serpent, symbol of the god Kukulkan. This reflects the Maya’s ability to connect their architecture with astronomical phenomena.
The astronomical significance of the Mayan pyramids
The Maya developed a complex calendar based on celestial cycles. The pyramids also served as reference points for ceremonial events linked to their calendars, used to predict seasons, eclipses, and other important events. The pyramidal constructions had a double role: they were temples for the worship of the gods and at the same time they represented the cosmos, with their multiple levels symbolizing the connection between the earthly, celestial and underground worlds.
One of the most advanced civilizations in the astronomical field
The Mayan pyramids are therefore testimonies of their architectural genius and their understanding of the universe, making the pre-Columbian civilization one of the most advanced ancient cultures in the field of astronomy. These monuments continue to amaze with their precision and beauty, revealing the profound connection between religion, science and celestial observation.
